#include "liballoc.h"
#include <stddef.h>

/**  Durand's Ridiculously Amazing Super Duper Memory functions.  */

//#define DEBUG	

#define LIBALLOC_MAGIC	0xc001c0de
#define MAXCOMPLETE		5
#define MAXEXP	32
#define MINEXP	8	

#define MODE_BEST			0
#define MODE_INSTANT		1

#define MODE	MODE_BEST

#ifdef DEBUG
#include "printf.h"
#endif


struct boundary_tag* l_freePages[MAXEXP];		//< Allowing for 2^MAXEXP blocks
int 				 l_completePages[MAXEXP];	//< Allowing for 2^MAXEXP blocks


#ifdef DEBUG
unsigned int l_allocated = 0;		//< The real amount of memory allocated.
unsigned int l_inuse = 0;			//< The amount of memory in use (malloc'ed). 
#endif


static int l_initialized = 0;			//< Flag to indicate initialization.	
static int l_pageSize  = 4096;			//< Individual page size
static int l_pageCount = 16;			//< Minimum number of pages to allocate.


// ***********   HELPER FUNCTIONS  *******************************

/** Returns the exponent required to manage 'size' amount of memory. 
 *
 *  Returns n where  2^n <= size < 2^(n+1)
 */
static inline int getexp( unsigned int size )
{
	if ( size < (1<<MINEXP) ) 
	{
		#ifdef DEBUG
		printf("getexp returns -1 for %i less than MINEXP\n", size );
		#endif
		return -1;	// Smaller than the quantum.
	}
		
		
	int shift = MINEXP;

	while ( shift < MAXEXP )
	{
		if ( (1<<shift) > size ) break;
		shift += 1;
	}

	#ifdef DEBUG
	printf("getexp returns %i (%i bytes) for %i size\n", shift - 1, (1<<(shift -1)), size );
	#endif

	return shift - 1;	
}


static void* 	liballoc_memset(void* s, int c, size_t n)
{
	int i;
	for ( i = 0; i < n ; i++)
		((char*)s)[i] = c;
	
	return s;
}

static void* 	liballoc_memcpy(void* s1, const void* s2, size_t n)
{
  char *cdest;
  char *csrc;
  unsigned int *ldest = (unsigned int*)s1;
  unsigned int *lsrc  = (unsigned int*)s2;

  while ( n >= sizeof(unsigned int) )
  {
      *ldest++ = *lsrc++;
	  n -= sizeof(unsigned int);
  }

  cdest = (char*)ldest;
  csrc  = (char*)lsrc;
  
  while ( n > 0 )
  {
      *cdest++ = *csrc++;
	  n -= 1;
  }
  
  return s1;
}

 

#ifdef DEBUG
static void dump_array()
{
	int i = 0;
	struct boundary_tag *tag = NULL;

	printf("------ Free pages array ---------\n");
	printf("System memory allocated: %i\n", l_allocated );
	printf("Memory in used (malloc'ed): %i\n", l_inuse );

		for ( i = 0; i < MAXEXP; i++ )
		{
			printf("%.2i(%i): ",i, l_completePages[i] );
	
			tag = l_freePages[ i ];
			while ( tag != NULL )
			{
				if ( tag->split_left  != NULL  ) printf("*");
				printf("%i", tag->real_size );
				if ( tag->split_right != NULL  ) printf("*");
	
				printf(" ");
				tag = tag->next;
			}
			printf("\n");
		}

	printf("'*' denotes a split to the left/right of a tag\n");
}
#endif



static inline void insert_tag( struct boundary_tag *tag, int index )
{
	int realIndex;
	
	if ( index < 0 ) 
	{
		realIndex = getexp( tag->real_size - sizeof(struct boundary_tag) );
		if ( realIndex < MINEXP ) realIndex = MINEXP;
	}
	else
		realIndex = index;
	
	tag->index = realIndex;
	
	if ( l_freePages[ realIndex ] != NULL ) 
	{
		l_freePages[ realIndex ]->prev = tag;
		tag->next = l_freePages[ realIndex ];
	}

	l_freePages[ realIndex ] = tag;
}

static inline void remove_tag( struct boundary_tag *tag )
{
	if ( l_freePages[ tag->index ] == tag ) l_freePages[ tag->index ] = tag->next;

	if ( tag->prev != NULL ) tag->prev->next = tag->next;
	if ( tag->next != NULL ) tag->next->prev = tag->prev;

	tag->next = NULL;
	tag->prev = NULL;
	tag->index = -1;
}


static inline struct boundary_tag* melt_left( struct boundary_tag *tag )
{
	struct boundary_tag *left = tag->split_left;
							
	left->real_size   += tag->real_size;
	left->split_right  = tag->split_right;
	
	if ( tag->split_right != NULL ) tag->split_right->split_left = left;

	return left;
}


static inline struct boundary_tag* absorb_right( struct boundary_tag *tag )
{
	struct boundary_tag *right = tag->split_right;

		remove_tag( right );		// Remove right from free pages.

		tag->real_size   += right->real_size;

		tag->split_right  = right->split_right;
		if ( right->split_right != NULL )
					right->split_right->split_left = tag;

	return tag;
}

static inline struct boundary_tag* split_tag( struct boundary_tag* tag )
{
	unsigned int remainder = tag->real_size - sizeof(struct boundary_tag) - tag->size;
		
	struct boundary_tag *new_tag = 
				   (struct boundary_tag*)((unsigned int)tag + sizeof(struct boundary_tag) + tag->size);	
	
						new_tag->magic = LIBALLOC_MAGIC;
						new_tag->real_size = remainder;	

						new_tag->next = NULL;
						new_tag->prev = NULL;
	
						new_tag->split_left = tag;
						new_tag->split_right = tag->split_right;
	
						if (new_tag->split_right != NULL) new_tag->split_right->split_left = new_tag;
						tag->split_right = new_tag;
	
						tag->real_size -= new_tag->real_size;
	
						insert_tag( new_tag, -1 );
	
	return new_tag;
}


// ***************************************************************




static struct boundary_tag* allocate_new_tag( unsigned int size )
{
	unsigned int pages;
	unsigned int usage;
	struct boundary_tag *tag;

		// This is how much space is required.
		usage  = size + sizeof(struct boundary_tag);

				// Perfect amount of space
		pages = usage / l_pageSize;
		if ( (usage % l_pageSize) != 0 ) pages += 1;

		// Make sure it's >= the minimum size.
		if ( pages < l_pageCount ) pages = l_pageCount;

		tag = (struct boundary_tag*)liballoc_alloc( pages );

		if ( tag == NULL ) return NULL;	// uh oh, we ran out of memory.
		
				tag->magic 		= LIBALLOC_MAGIC;
				tag->size 		= size;
				tag->real_size 	= pages * l_pageSize;
				tag->index 		= -1;

				tag->next		= NULL;
				tag->prev		= NULL;
				tag->split_left 	= NULL;
				tag->split_right 	= NULL;


		#ifdef DEBUG
		printf("Resource allocated %x of %i pages (%i bytes) for %i size.\n", tag, pages, pages * l_pageSize, size );

		l_allocated += pages * l_pageSize;

		printf("Total memory usage = %i KB\n",  (int)((l_allocated / (1024))) );
		#endif
		
      return tag;
}



void *malloc(size_t size)
{
	int index;
	void *ptr;
	struct boundary_tag *tag = NULL;

	liballoc_lock();

		if ( l_initialized == 0 )
		{
			#ifdef DEBUG
			printf("%s\n","liballoc initializing.");
			#endif
			for ( index = 0; index < MAXEXP; index++ )
			{
				l_freePages[index] = NULL;
				l_completePages[index] = 0;
			}
			l_initialized = 1;
		}

		index = getexp( size ) + MODE;
		if ( index < MINEXP ) index = MINEXP;
		

		// Find one big enough.
			tag = l_freePages[ index ];				// Start at the front of the list.
			while ( tag != NULL )
			{
					// If there's enough space in this tag.
				if ( (tag->real_size - sizeof(struct boundary_tag))
								>= (size + sizeof(struct boundary_tag) ) )
				{
					#ifdef DEBUG
					printf("Tag search found %i >= %i\n",(tag->real_size - sizeof(struct boundary_tag)), (size + sizeof(struct boundary_tag) ) );
					#endif
					break;
				}

				tag = tag->next;
			}

		
			// No page found. Make one.
			if ( tag == NULL )
			{	
				if ( (tag = allocate_new_tag( size )) == NULL )
				{
					liballoc_unlock();
					return NULL;
				}
				
				index = getexp( tag->real_size - sizeof(struct boundary_tag) );
			}
			else
			{
				remove_tag( tag );

				if ( (tag->split_left == NULL) && (tag->split_right == NULL) )
					l_completePages[ index ] -= 1;
			}
		
		// We have a free page.  Remove it from the free pages list.
	
		tag->size = size;

		// Removed... see if we can re-use the excess space.

		#ifdef DEBUG
		printf("Found tag with %i bytes available (requested %i bytes, leaving %i), which has exponent: %i (%i bytes)\n", tag->real_size - sizeof(struct boundary_tag), size, tag->real_size - size - sizeof(struct boundary_tag), index, 1<<index );
		#endif
		
		unsigned int remainder = tag->real_size - size - sizeof( struct boundary_tag ) * 2; // Support a new tag + remainder

		if ( ((int)(remainder) > 0) /*&& ( (tag->real_size - remainder) >= (1<<MINEXP))*/ )
		{
			int childIndex = getexp( remainder );
	
			if ( childIndex >= 0 )
			{
				#ifdef DEBUG
				printf("Seems to be splittable: %i >= 2^%i .. %i\n", remainder, childIndex, (1<<childIndex) );
				#endif

				struct boundary_tag *new_tag = split_tag( tag ); 

				new_tag = new_tag;	// Get around the compiler warning about unused variables.
	
				#ifdef DEBUG
				printf("Old tag has become %i bytes, new tag is now %i bytes (%i exp)\n", tag->real_size, new_tag->real_size, new_tag->index );
				#endif
			}	
		}
		
		

	ptr = (void*)((unsigned int)tag + sizeof( struct boundary_tag ) );


	
	#ifdef DEBUG
	l_inuse += size;
	printf("malloc: %x,  %i, %i\n", ptr, (int)l_inuse / 1024, (int)l_allocated / 1024 );
	dump_array();
	#endif


	liballoc_unlock();
	return ptr;
}





void free(void *ptr)
{
	int index;
	struct boundary_tag *tag;

	if ( ptr == NULL ) return;

	liballoc_lock();
	

		tag = (struct boundary_tag*)((unsigned int)ptr - sizeof( struct boundary_tag ));
	
		if ( tag->magic != LIBALLOC_MAGIC ) 
		{
			liballoc_unlock();		// release the lock
			return;
		}



		#ifdef DEBUG
		l_inuse -= tag->size;
		printf("free: %x, %i, %i\n", ptr, (int)l_inuse / 1024, (int)l_allocated / 1024 );
		#endif
		

		// MELT LEFT...
		while ( (tag->split_left != NULL) && (tag->split_left->index >= 0) )
		{
			#ifdef DEBUG
			printf("Melting tag left into available memory. Left was %i, becomes %i (%i)\n", tag->split_left->real_size, tag->split_left->real_size + tag->real_size, tag->split_left->real_size );
			#endif
			tag = melt_left( tag );
			remove_tag( tag );
		}

		// MELT RIGHT...
		while ( (tag->split_right != NULL) && (tag->split_right->index >= 0) )
		{
			#ifdef DEBUG
			printf("Melting tag right into available memory. This was was %i, becomes %i (%i)\n", tag->real_size, tag->split_right->real_size + tag->real_size, tag->split_right->real_size );
			#endif
			tag = absorb_right( tag );
		}

		
		// Where is it going back to?
		index = getexp( tag->real_size - sizeof(struct boundary_tag) );
		if ( index < MINEXP ) index = MINEXP;
		
		// A whole, empty block?
		if ( (tag->split_left == NULL) && (tag->split_right == NULL) )
		{	

			if ( l_completePages[ index ] == MAXCOMPLETE )
			{
				// Too many standing by to keep. Free this one.
				unsigned int pages = tag->real_size / l_pageSize;

				if ( (tag->real_size % l_pageSize) != 0 ) pages += 1;
				if ( pages < l_pageCount ) pages = l_pageCount;

				liballoc_free( tag, pages );

				#ifdef DEBUG
				l_allocated -= pages * l_pageSize;
				printf("Resource freeing %x of %i pages\n", tag, pages );
				dump_array();
				#endif

				liballoc_unlock();
				return;
			}


			l_completePages[ index ] += 1;	// Increase the count of complete pages.
		}


		// ..........


		insert_tag( tag, index );

	#ifdef DEBUG
	printf("Returning tag with %i bytes (requested %i bytes), which has exponent: %i\n", tag->real_size, tag->size, index ); 
	dump_array();
	#endif

	liballoc_unlock();
}




void* calloc(size_t nobj, size_t size)
{
       int real_size;
       void *p;

       real_size = nobj * size;
       
       p = malloc( real_size );

       liballoc_memset( p, 0, real_size );

       return p;
}



void*   realloc(void *p, size_t size)
{
	void *ptr;
	struct boundary_tag *tag;
	int real_size;
	
	if ( size == 0 )
	{
		free( p );
		return NULL;
	}
	if ( p == NULL ) return malloc( size );

	if ( liballoc_lock != NULL ) liballoc_lock();		// lockit
		tag = (struct boundary_tag*)((unsigned int)p - sizeof( struct boundary_tag ));
		real_size = tag->size;
	if ( liballoc_unlock != NULL ) liballoc_unlock();

	if ( real_size > size ) real_size = size;

	ptr = malloc( size );
	liballoc_memcpy( ptr, p, real_size );
	free( p );

	return ptr;
}